SC upholds legality of Justice Yashwant Varma in-house procedure

A bench of Justices Dipankar Datta and Augustine George Masih on 7 August 2025 have upheld the constitutionality of the in-house procedure in the Justice Yashwant Varma as having legality under Article 141 of the Constitution and Section 3(2) of the Judges (Protection) Act. A fire breakout at the bungalow of the petitioner Allahabad HC judge resulted in the detection of burned currency notes, which entailed a confidential investigation under the Supreme Court’s “In-house Procedure.”

The petitioner had challenged the procedural fairness of the investigation after the committee, having found substance in the allegations, recommended further action by an inquiry report. Mr. Kapil Sibal appearing for the petitioner called it a violation of Articles 14 and 21, considering the public release of the incriminating photograph/video footage. 

The Court referred to the precedent in the C. Ravichandran Iyer case and reaffirmed that the evolution of the law post the judgement has consistently upheld the in-house mechanism of discipline as self-regulation by this Court. The ruling in the Sub-Committee on Judicial Accountability cannot be read as limitation on the powers and responsibilities of the Chief Justice of India, especially in matters concerning internal judicial discipline and preservation of institutional integrity. The bench recognized that there is a constitutional silence on internal mechanisms but that does not prohibit judicial innovation that has stood the test of time. 

Questioning why the petitioner delayed from objecting to the publication of the photographs of video footage, the Court also mentioned that the same is not a procedural requirement nor is it proper. Though it does not give rise to any benefits to the petitioner at this stage. The Petitioner should not have waited for completion of the fact- finding inquiry set in motion by the CJI before challenging the footage. 

Section 3(1) of the Judges (Protection) Act, while Section 3(1) grants judges immunity from civil or criminal proceedings for acts done in the discharge of judicial functions. This immunity is subject to proceedings initiated by the Central Government, State Government, the Supreme Court, any High Court, or any other legally empowered authority under “any law for the time being in force.” as per Section 3(2) of the Act. The procedure stems from the scope of power defined in Article 141 of the Constitution. The in-house inquiry is itself not a removal mechanism but a preliminary fact-finding process, and the Parliament continues to have the intact and unfettered constitutional power for removal of a judge.

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Litigation Associate Job Mumbai | Lex Arjava LLP – Apply Now

Lex Arjava LLP, a full-service law firm expanding its Mumbai office, is inviting applications for Associates and Senior Associates in Litigation. This Litigation Associate job Mumbai provides an excellent opportunity for lawyers at different stages of their careers to gain hands-on exposure to civil, commercial, arbitration, criminal, and corporate dispute matters across multiple forums.

The firm is known for its strategic litigation, arbitration support, and corporate dispute resolution services, making it an ideal workplace for lawyers seeking challenging and dynamic legal work.


About Lex Arjava LLP

Lex Arjava LLP is a pan-India law firm handling a wide range of litigation, arbitration, and corporate dispute matters. The Mumbai office focuses on Civil, Commercial, Arbitration, Criminal, and Real Estate disputes, assisting clients in both advisory and litigation capacities.

Key highlights of the firm:

  • Diverse Litigation Practice: From Section 138 and cheque bounce cases to arbitration, civil recovery, and criminal complaints.
  • Client-Focused Approach: Provides strategic and practical solutions to complex legal issues.
  • Growth Opportunities: Mentorship and career growth opportunities across litigation and corporate dispute resolution.

Working at Lex Arjava LLP allows associates to gain comprehensive exposure to litigation strategy, case handling, and client advisory under the guidance of experienced legal professionals.


Location & Work Mode

  • Location: Mumbai
  • Mode: On-site, full-time

Mumbai provides a vibrant legal environment with access to high-profile commercial and civil matters, tribunals, and appellate courts, making it a hub for litigation practice.


Positions & Vacancies

1. Associate – Litigation

  • PQE: 0–2 years
  • Scope: Section 138, Execution Petitions, Arbitrations, Commercial Suits, Civil Recoveries, Summary Suits, Criminal Complaints, Tribunals, and procedural formalities
  • Role: Litigation support, case handling, and legal analysis

2. Senior Associate – Litigation

  • PQE: Minimum 5 years
  • Scope: Arbitration, Consumer Cases, Cheque Bounce Cases, Writs, Civil Recovery Matters, Summary Suits, Real Estate, and Criminal Matters
  • Role: Leading litigation strategy, execution, and client advisory

This Litigation Associate job Mumbai is suitable for lawyers at junior and mid-senior levels, offering exposure to varied litigation matters and client advisory responsibilities.


Eligibility Criteria

Candidates must meet the following requirements:

  • Qualification: LL.B. (3-year or 5-year program)
  • PQE: As per the role (0–2 years for Associates, 5+ years for Senior Associates)
  • Strong research, drafting, and advocacy skills
  • Ability to handle multiple matters simultaneously and meet deadlines
  • Proactive, client-focused, and adaptable to fast-paced litigation environments

Key Responsibilities

For Associates (0–2 years PQE)

  • Assist in drafting and reviewing pleadings, notices, and applications
  • Support senior lawyers in case strategy, research, and litigation preparation
  • Attend court hearings and tribunals under supervision
  • Conduct legal analysis and provide recommendations on cases

For Senior Associates (5+ years PQE)

  • Lead litigation strategy and execution for client matters
  • Handle arbitration, civil recovery, summary suits, and real estate disputes independently
  • Provide client advisory and representation in courts and tribunals
  • Mentor junior associates and coordinate with team members on complex cases

This role provides practical exposure to diverse legal matters, helping associates build a strong litigation portfolio.


Skills & Qualities Required

  • Strong legal research, drafting, and analytical capabilities
  • Confidence in court appearances and client representation
  • Ability to manage multiple matters and meet tight deadlines
  • Knowledge of civil procedure, commercial laws, arbitration, and criminal procedures
  • Collaborative team player with good communication and interpersonal skills

Why Join Lex Arjava LLP?

  • Exposure to civil, commercial, arbitration, and criminal litigation
  • Hands-on experience with high-value and complex cases
  • Opportunity to learn from senior litigation experts
  • Career growth and mentorship opportunities within a dynamic law firm
  • Build a strong foundation in Indian litigation and dispute resolution practice

For lawyers looking to advance their litigation careers, this Litigation Associate job in Mumbai offers diverse exposure, professional development, and challenging work assignments.


How to Apply

Interested candidates should send their CV to:

Email: hemant.singh@lexarjava.com

Email Subject Line: “Application for Associate (PQE yy/mm)”

Include details such as:

  • Current Firm
  • Designation
  • Years of experience (legal field)
  • Notice period
  • Expected CTC

Applications with complete details are preferred and will be reviewed on a rolling basis.


Conclusion

The Litigation Associate job Mumbai at Lex Arjava LLP is an excellent opportunity for advocates seeking exposure to civil, commercial, arbitration, and criminal matters across multiple courts and tribunals. With roles for both junior and senior associates, the firm offers mentorship, client-facing experience, and a dynamic litigation environment, making it ideal for lawyers aiming to grow in litigation practice in Mumbai.

Apply today to join Lex Arjava LLP and take your litigation career to the next level.


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